Reflections on City

City & Laura

Last week, we lost a dear colleague. Our therapy horse City had to be put to sleep because his joints were too painful to carry him anymore. This wasn’t an unexpected loss as he was elderly; but he had seemed so solid to us, like he would always be there. He was an invaluable part of the therapy team because of this quality.

Despite his solidity, City was a highly sensitive animal. We came to realise that, when in ‘the ring,’ he would invariably pay attention to whoever was, in that moment, suffering the most. Normally, of course, this was a client. They came to us anxious or stressed or full of fear: City nudged and pushed his head against them until they were able to see him properly and come out of themselves.

One day, I received an unwelcome personal email seconds before the session was due to start. I took a few deep breaths and went into the paddock, my heart beating very fast. City came straight up to me and put his head on my shoulder. I was taken aback – it felt uncanny but comforting, as if the world outside had taken notice. There are many other examples from our practice: City was able to calibrate his behaviour, insistent when the client was switched off and protective and soothing when the client was stirred up.

Horses work so well therapeutically just because of these instincts. The herd is constantly shifting and hierarchies are fluid; horses pick up on subtle energies and communicate them. However, some horses cannot manage what they pick up. A client with powerful feelings will disturb them which can lead to the horse ‘acting up/out’. City was wise and experienced enough that he could absorb the client’s feelings without needing to then get rid of the energy.

This ability, to notice difficult feelings, react to them and then hold them is a key therapeutic skill. Therapists use their minds to contain what might not be bearable for others. This helps clients begin to process their emotions, but of course it can be draining work for both client and therapist. Whether human or animal, you are left with traces of trauma and suffering that you then have to separate out from your own experience.

City did this work; he was able to contain things for others. Sometimes, it left him very tired. We never explicitly asked his permission but he gave it every time he stepped willingly out into the paddock and began to notice who needed him. He carried emotional weight for our team and for the many people he helped and we thank him for it now as we did after each session. Rest in peace dear friend.

“…they have pulled our plows and borne our loads
But that free servitude still can pierce our hearts.”

The Horses, by Edwin Muir

Beyond words

The end of talking therapy for trauma?

Trauma, and its effects on our everyday life, has been receiving increased attention in the wake of COVID-19.

In the last few years there has been a fundamental reappraisal of how trauma is treated. The 2014 bestselling book, The Body Keeps the Score, argued that traumatic stress is held in the body as well as in the mind. This means that to treat trauma effectively, you need to treat it holistically.

Due to this revelation many clinical psychologists (including myself) have embarked on additional training in evidence-based embodied therapies such as Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprogramming therapy (EMDR). This technique is then combined with more traditional trauma work, such as trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in which the traumatic memories are talked about and re-framed.

But in cases where traumatic experiences have happened when the person was very young, before they could adequately symbolise it in words, this trauma can remain pre-verbal.

Trauma can even be non-verbal; so terrible that it resists language and cannot be spoken. In these cases we, as clinicians, often see the effects of trauma manifesting in the person’s everyday behaviour and in their relationships.

Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma

Another emerging area of research in this area is the transgenerational (or intergenerational) transmission of trauma and the developing field of intergenerational psychiatry.

In attempting to account for their own emotional suffering a client (with the help of their therapist) may be searching past experiences for a cause; but it seems to elude them. That it can never be fully captured in words is usually because it never directly belonged to them. Instead the pain and fear have been held in epigenetic memories and become part of family life, with the previous generations doing their best to manage the effects of this unspeakable trauma.

In cases such as these, the embodied therapies are the only effective treatment. And it is not just trauma, there are other mental health disorders that are held in the body, such as eating disorders and addictions; even those suffering from schizophrenia have been found to benefit. These disorders have a physicality about them which words and medications often cannot reach.

Animal-assisted psychotherapy and trauma

Animal-assisted psychotherapies are embodied therapies. Clients who have difficulty communicating can easily participate. The healing progresses through touch and the non-verbal alignment of emotions.

Beyond words…

There is now a growing body of evidence within the Eagala Model for the effectiveness of equine-assisted psychotherapy in healing those who have experienced trauma. There are even entire practices dedicated to working with veterans suffering from PTSD.

The key for all trauma therapies is helping the patient symbolise their experiences. Once symbolised they can be properly ‘digested’ and then encoded as an emotionally-manageable memory. If this is successful these memories can then be retrieved, by choice, and further utilized in the never-ending development of the Self.

Talking therapies can do this effectively and they do work for many people; but not all, however. And the people for whom these approaches do not work tend to be, as always, members of society who are disenfranchised and socially disadvantaged.

This is precisely why we started TheraTails: to offer trauma treatment to those who require more specialised approaches and who often need them the most; and as they are often the least likely to be able to afford such therapies, we also thank our generous sponsors at Third Point Re, whose funding means the cost is even less!

Contact us today to find out more.